Công ty TNHH MTV Công Nghệ Sau Thu Hoạch Dương Xuân Quả
Chuyên sản xuất, lắp đặt lò sấy từ 500kg/mẻ đến 150tấn/mẻ
Mã số thuế: 1602085926
TP.Long Xuyên, An Giang
Ngày đăng : 20/06/2022
The major control regarding limbs and you may bone nutrient kcalorie burning is a result of new relations away from four hormone – parathyroid hormonal (PTH), nutritional D (VD), fibroblast increases grounds 23 (FGF23) and calcitonin (CT) – at about three target body organs – bones, kidneys, and you may GI tract – to control about three limbs nutrition – calcium, magnesium, and you may phosphorus. Most other hormone and additionally play a part, and you will facial skin was an using body organ system (Desk 1). New deviations from this typical regulating program one occur in state says can be examined, detected, and you will, normally, efficiently addressed because of the clinician when considered in the light regarding bones and you may mineral homeostasis (1-3).
Physicians is actually extremely conscious of the fresh systematic position out-of calcium supplements and you may skeletal k-calorie burning on the diligent as revealed by density away from these vitamins inside physiological liquids, especially blood and you will pee, and by the fresh new architectural stability of the skeleton (1). Those things of one's calcemic hormonal to manage mineral levels in biological liquids are knew during the target organ level. not, smaller well understood is the cellular and you will intracellular mechanisms that underlie the brand new clinically very important phenomena.
Both calcium and you can phosphorous, together with magnesium, is transferred so you can bloodstream of bone, kidney, and you will GI tissue, and you will charge versa (4-6). This type of transportation systems should be as a result of cells (transcellular) and you can up to cells (paracellular). The newest mobile transportation was mediated by the membrane formations portrayed for the Shape dos and by joining transport healthy protein (seven,8). The fresh new paracellular transportation tends to be inactive and mediated of the mineral gradients. These types of elements together with encompass involved co-transportation and you may change-transport along with other ions, significantly salt, potassium, chloride, hydrogen, and you may bicarbonate, some of which operate on ATP hydrolysis. Similar mechanisms accommodate new intracellular shipment out of calcium, where it wall space primarily within mitochondria and cytosol.
The facts of your regulation of these mobile and you will intracellular nutrient transfers aren't too know as the are definitely the whole organ elements that they effectuate. Yet not, particular facts in addition to inferences resulted in tentative health-related conclusion you to definitely changes in ambient concentrations of mineral from inside the extracellular liquids try mirrored from the corresponding intracellular transform and you may redistribution (Shape dos).
Contour dos. Schematic expression regarding mobile transport out-of limbs nutrition. The latest model is applicable to carry away from calcium, magnesium, and you may phosphorus for tissue of your kidney tubules escort Little Rock, digestive tract enterocytes, and you may bone cells. The fresh new nutrient transport would be with (downhill) or up against (uphill) an excellent gradient. Lumen identifies GI and you can renal tracts; for limbs, it does make reference to bone marrow, blood, and/or matrix place. This site of one's expressed membrane layer transportation structures is schematic. Microsomes specify other intracellular organelles like secretory vesicles and endoplasmic reticulum. Get a hold of text message having facts.
Profile dos will bring a simplistic kind of brand new mobile controls from limbs vitamins metabolism and you may transportation. Nutrient homeostasis necessitates the transport from calcium supplements, magnesium, and you may phosphate all over their target muscle inside limbs, intestine, and you may renal. The latest pericellular transportation is normally diffusional, off a great gradient (“downhill”), and never hormonally managed. Diffusion can also occur thanks to phone streams, that's gated. Transportation all over tissue is much more state-of-the-art and generally facing a beneficial gradient (“uphill”). This effective transportation are charged by often ATP hydrolysis otherwise electrochemical gradients and you may relates to membrane formations that will be generally called porters, exchangers, or pumps. Three style of porters have been demonstrated, uniporters of one compound; symporters for over one to substance in identical advice; and you may anti-porters for more than you to material inside reverse information (7,8).
Immediately following from luminal telephone membrane layer, this new bone nutritional elements is get across the cellphone towards extracellular liquid storage space, bloodstream to own enterocytes and urine to have renal epithelium tissue (5,6). For bones cells, the new related compartments are marrow and you may blood (1,2). For calcium supplements, brand new transcellular transportation is actually ferried from the telecommunications certainly a household from necessary protein that include calmodulin, calbindin, integral membrane protein, and you will alkaline phosphatase; the latter about three is actually supplement D built within their phrase (6). Log off on cellphone is controlled because of the membrane formations the same as those that mediate entry. Indeed there do not seem to be one involved binding healthy protein getting phosphorous, very diffusional gradients and you may cytoskeletal interactions apparently handle the mobile transport.